Some studies suggest a link between fat and sugar on cognitive function and behavior, and are suggesting that such problems may be linked to alteration of the microbiome. A study was done and team observed that both a high-fat and high-sugar diet, compared to a normal diet caused changes in gut bacteria that appear related to a significant loss of “cognitive flexibility” or the power to adapt and adjust to changing situations.

While it is well known that a diet with adequate fiber assists in keeping people “regular,” eating the right amount of fiber also helps to avoid disease and disability into old age. Increased dietary fiber may also reduce the risk of developing type-2 diabetes and has been shown to lower blood pressure. Researchers explored the relationship between carbohydrate nutrition and healthy aging, examining total carbohydrate intake, total fiber intake, glycemic index and sugar intake. Fiber made the greatest difference in “successful aging.”

Taking vitamin D supplements can help to increase muscle strength and reduce the loss of muscle mass in women long after menopause. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted over a nine-month period. Research showed that women receiving supplements exhibited a significant increase in muscle strength compared to those not receiving supplements.